Transitional Justice Is Necessary For A Nation - 2574 Words

No nation has ever started off with a clean sheet. Even some of the great nations had issues along the road of their growth. For example, when the United States first form of a government system was the Articles of Confederation, prior to the democratic form of government we have now. It is why I argue upon the basis that transitional justice is needed in order for a nation to function properly. Two nations that went through a major transitional justice change are Rwanda and Argentina. Transitional justice are judicial/non-judicial methods implemented in order to restore acts against of human rights abuses. Such methods consist of criminal prosecutions, truth commissions, reparations programs, and numerous kinds of institutional†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, to satisfying these needs, the states have responsibilities to guarantee that the violations will not occur again, so a special obligation to modify institutions that were involved in the violations and were incapabl e of preventing the acts against human rights. A past of ignored human rights violations is more than likely to cause social conflict in the later future. Results can consist of distrust between social groups and institutions of the state, and the decrease of national security and specific goals. Then questions about rule of law surfaces, which can lead to an endless cycle of human rights violations in various forms. Based on what has been seen in countries effected my human rights violations, the feeling of justice was never present, according to the victims. Victims began taking matters into their own hands in order to protect what they held there to themselves. For example, the genocide in Rwanda and the Trials of Juntas in Argentina. From April to July 1994, members of the Hutu tribe, who thrived in the east-central African nation of Rwanda, murdered approximately 800,000 people, a majority of them natives of the Tutsi tribe. It began with Hutu extremist in the capital of Kig ali, the genocide spreading throughout Rwanda at drastic speeds. Regular citizens were encouraged by Rwandan local officials and the Hutu government to bear arms against their own

The Influence of Locke and Hobbes on Government - 1735 Words

Thomas Hobbes and John Locke have authored two works that have had a significant impact on political philosophy. In the â€Å"Leviathan† by Hobbes and â€Å"Two Treatises of Government† by Locke, the primary focus was to analyze human nature to determine the most suitable type of government for humankind. They will have confounding results. Hobbes concluded that an unlimited sovereign is the only option, and would offer the most for the people, while for Locke such an idea was without merit. He believed that the government should be limited, ruling under the law, with divided powers, and with continued support from its citizens. With this paper I will argue that Locke had a more realistic approach to identifying the human characteristics that†¦show more content†¦This absolute Sovereign will gain power when the citizens have given up the entirety of their rights to this new authority and agreeing to a covenant. This is considered a rational action, and is the o nly option for the body of people to smoothly come together. When that happens, an organized society forms, in which the consequences of not adhering to the rules and regulations of the covenant will be so severe, that no one would attempt to violate this contract and disobey the Sovereign. That can happen since first, the Sovereign has deadly force and is permitted to use it whenever he or she likes, and, second, the citizens have parted away with all their rights, and cannot protect themselves from this Sovereign. That fact creates a fearful, and therefore, obedient society. This limitless Sovereign is justified, based on information from the â€Å"Leviathan.† As we can infer from Hobbes’ views on human nature, people will always act selfishly and in an evil manner to obtain the things that they want. As a result, for people to contract into a peaceful society that will have what they want and need readily available, they must be bound by force. If this distrustful group of people had an inclination that the governing authority was weak, they would overturn it, fatefully returning them to the state of nature. Additionally, this absolute monarchy is considered warranted, according toShow MoreRelatedTwo Sided Coin: Thomas Hobbes vs. John Locke Essay905 Words   |  4 Pages Two-sided coin: Thomas Hobbes vs. John Locke There are always two-sides everything including people and the government, kind of like science vs. faith view. With Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, they give the impression to be on opposite sides when it comes to people, society and the government even and yet both were Englishmen. Hobbes was born 5 April 1588 and died 4 December 1679; he is best known today for his work on political philosophy. While John Locke was 29 August 1632 and died 28 OctoberRead MoreJohn Locke s Theory Of Government884 Words   |  4 Pagesshow how Thomas Jefferson’s theory of revolution follows the speculation of government from the philosopher John Locke. We’ll additionally discuss Thomas Hobbes’s theory of government. Both John Locke and Jefferson’s theories contributed to the American Revolution and to the Declaration of Independence. Thomas Jefferson’s theory of revolution found within the Declaration of Independence follows John Locke’s theory of government in multiple aspects, as well as in both the description of freedom of opportunityRead MoreJohn Locke: Founding Father of Modern Era Liberalism1444 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Hobbes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and John Locke are all great thinkers who were greatly influential in forming philosophies that would affect the future of politics. By analyzing each philosopher’s ideology, we can identify which thinker’s theory reflected modern era liberalism the most. For this paper I will be arguing that, John Locke provides a more compelling framework of modern era liberalism because of his perception of the state of nature, the social contract and the function of governmentRead MoreEssay about Phi-286 Mod 3 Wa 1827 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom John Lockes theory of government? Could it follow from Hobbess theory of government? Under what circumstances? Thomas Jeffersons theory of revolution seems to follow specific criteria from Thomas Hobbes original foundation, which was further expanded upon by John Locke and ultimately fine tuned by Thomas Jefferson. To get an understanding how these three philosophies follow one another, we must begin at the documented source; Thomas Hobbes. Thomas Hobbes lived during revolutionary timesRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke1426 Words   |  6 PagesBy the second half of the 17th Century, England would experience one of the bloodiest conflicts in its history, ultimately serving to influence some of the most phenomenal political philosophers in Europe --Thomas Hobbes, and John Locke. England was in constant unrest, choosing new forms of government almost on a whim in desperate attempts to restore order in the Country. The English Civil War in 1642 etched a legacy of dread in the people of England, and the war only appeared more disastrous andRead MoreViews of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau815 Words   |  4 Pages3/9/13 Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Racques Rosseau were philosophers who stated their belief of human nature and how we should govern mankind. Although Rousseau was born a different time than Hobbes and Locke, they all had a very strong influence on the way governments should function. They created a revolutionary idea of the state of nature, the way men were before a government came into play. Each philosopher developed guidelines and responsibilities that the government is obliged to. AlthoughRead MoreComparing John Locke s Views On Political Systems969 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and Contrast John Locke was a scholar who lived from 1632-1704. Locke worried about the absence of limitations on sovereign authority. As a man that was pro government for the people, he viewed politics as for the people or the people shall revolt. In stark contrast, Thomas Hobbes, who lived through much turmoil as well from 1588-1679, such as a civil war in Britain which lasted from 1642-1648 thought a sovereign leader was the only way to protect society from itself (Riemer, Simon, andRead MoreImpact Of Thomas Hobbes During The Age Of Absolutism1009 Words   |  5 PagesThomas Hobbes During the Age of Absolutism The Age of Absolutism was a time during the 16th to 19th centuries where many political, religious and colonial conflicts were rising. Some philosophers began to analyze the ideas of their civilizations in depth toward the end of this time period as it led into the Age of Enlightenment. One of these philosophers was Thomas Hobbes. He had quite a few accomplishments during his lifetime including writing many books and supporting the popular belief thatRead MoreBriefly Explain What Is Meant by the â€Å"Scientific Revolution† That Took Place in Seventeenth Century Europe, and How It Marked a Departure from Ancient and Medieval Philosophy.1603 Words   |  7 Pagesway Europeans viewed mankind, society, and traditional beliefs? The discoveries and exploration of the world overseas became key new influence on the European views of human cultures and nature of the human beings. Although Europe was a prominent figure during that time, Europe began rooting its territories overseas to analyze its comparison. The influence of European expansion can easily be seen: the Indian societies of America were modified or overshadowed; the indigenous societies of AfricaRead MoreJohn Locke And Thomas Hobbes886 Words   |  4 Pagesthe differences in political theories expressed by both John Locke and Thomas Hobbes. In, Leviathan, by Thomas Hobbes, and in, The Second Treatise of Government, by John Locke different theories of political legitimacy and definitions of the state of nature are described. The following paragraphs analyze multiple different points that are imperative to understanding these political theories. In the reading, Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes discusses what human existence is in the state of nature and the

A True Culture Shock Essays - 867 Words

The United States is a continent with a diverse existing population today; this country is known as a melting pot of different cultures, each one unique in its own respect. Culture; differentiate one societal group from another by identification beliefs, behaviors, language, traditions, Art, fashion styles, food, religion, politics, and economic systems. Through lifelong and ever changing processes of learning, creativity, and sharing, culture shapes our patterns of behavior and thinking. A culture’s significance is so profound that it touches almost every aspect of who and what we are. Culture becomes the telescope through which we perceive and evaluate what is going on around us. Trying to define the complex term of culture with varying†¦show more content†¦I had some serious objections to this whole game. Unfortunately, even as a human and realized that it was either going to be adaptation or getting disappears without a trace out of this country, but my finances n arrowed it down to the first choice. When someone stops by your home to visit, you have to ask them if they want something to eat or drink as a tradition, and if they refuse, you have got them something anyway. When you invite others for dinner or function, generally you should provide them with enough resource as the host, although it is not unusual for the invitees to bring something too, depending on how many people are coming. When you invite others to go out eat at a restaurant, there is no assumption that you will be automatically obliged to pay the costs of all meals, unless it is a special occasion such as a birthday, in which case you will be so obliged. In addition, on occasions where you want to invite people, special invitation should be made explicitly for the occasion, and by asking others if they want to get something to eat is ambiguous. For instance, Women’s fashion changed a lot in the twenties. The fashion went from young lady to more daring. The typical woman in the twenties is considered to be a brash teenage girl who no longer confined to home and tradition. They wore short skirts and dresses exposing their thigh, knees and ankles. People wereShow MoreRelatedCulture Shock Of The United States Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesCulture Shock has played a tremendous role in the growth of cultural ecology because it is an issue that is constantly growing all over the world. In the United States, it may not seem like things are changing involving culture shock, but it is not any different then the changes in places like Africa and China for example. It is developing equally across the world because there are now more ways to travel. So, what exactly is culture shock anyways? Well, it is known as going to a foreign or unfamiliarRead MoreEmbracing The Shock Essay1692 Words   |  7 Pages Final Paper: Embracing the Shock   Ã‚  Ã‚   The effects of earthquake aftershocks are unpredictable and can last for many years; the effects of culture shock happen to be the remarkably similar. Culture shock takes place when someone enters into an unfamiliar culture due to a vacation, humanitarian project, study abroad opportunity, etc. Barna (1976) explains culture shock as being a type of disease that many do not understand they have, yet it handicaps people and prevents them from knowing that theyRead MoreCulture Shock1188 Words   |  5 PagesCulture Shock Essay The United States of America is a country in which many people from all over the world come to live together. Unlike Canada, which is a multicultural country, it is a melting pot since each person brings his/her own peculiarity to enrich the culture of this country. But this melting pot process is not always without problems. When people from other countries come to America, they may experience some form of culture shock. CultureRead MoreCaptain Cook, Marco Polo And Christopher Columbus1082 Words   |  5 Pagesconquer, assist, have fun in, or settle in the country. The journals of Captain Cook, Marco Polo and Christopher Columbus provide very good descriptions of what we have referred to elsewhere (e.g. Ward, Bochner Furnham, 2001) as between-society culture contact. Modern day examples include employees of international organisations, guest workers, overseas students, tourists, immigrants, refugees, missionaries, and peacekeepers. During the last 40 years, the incidence of humans shifting across nationalRead MoreHow to Cope with Culture Shock1298 Words   |  6 PagesHow to Cope with Culture Shock | | | | | | * Front Page * What is h2g2? * Who s Online * Write an Entry * Browse * Announcements * Feedback * h2g2 Help * RSS Feeds | | | | | | | | Contact Us Like this page? Send it to a friend!    | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In today s global economy, where major firms have branches in most areas of the world, many more people than ever before contemplate  living in anotherRead MoreThe Movie Crash 1178 Words   |  5 Pages In this society we are all interconnected: family, work, and culture; all of these systems help to shape our beliefs and world views. One s bias, one s values, one s stereotypes and assumptions is the direct result of one s culture. The movie Crash was a very fascinating movie. I never knew what was going to happen in the movie it portrays prejudice by one member of a group or culture against another member of a group or culture. Crash was like a melting pot of ethnicities, and they were allRead MoreSociological Theories In The Movie The Matrix824 Words   |  4 Pagesfollows a character named Neo, who is believed to the â€Å"The One,† the person who will save the humans from the machines. There are many sociological concepts in the movie, The Matrix. Such as culture shoc k, code switching, ethnocentrism, subcultures, groups, and the paradox of the machines. The idea of culture shock is evident in the movie, The Matrix. When someone is ‘unplugged’ from the Matrix, there can be confusion and anxiety since they are thrown into a different time and their world has completelyRead MoreIts Hard Enough Being Me By Anna Lisa Raya886 Words   |  4 Pagesresolves the life-longing issues of identity crisis and cultural shock by staying true to herself and â€Å"Soy yo and no one else†¦Punto† (Raya 122). The author asserts the idea of â€Å"not only experienced culture shock, but for the first time I had to define myself according to the broad term â€Å"Latina†Ã¢â‚¬  (Raya 121) throughout the essay. Raya then appeals to her audience through the use of ethos and pathos in order to illustrate that â€Å"culture shock and identity crisis are common for the newly minted collegianRead More Changing Values and Culture Shock Essay1732 Words   |  7 PagesChanging Values and Culture Shock â€Å"Kids today have no moral values or sense of culture!† – a very common grievance of parents today whose parents -in their time- lamented about their lack of ethics and whose parents in turn complained of their unfavorable attitudes, whose parents again worried about the decline in tradition. This cycle of change in culture dates back even to times when what we now call ‘our culture’ and ‘our ethics’ were not even formed. It is evident that man has constantly feltRead MoreStanley Milgram1172 Words   |  5 Pagesdismantled, to increase the scope of human freedom.† There is a true feeling of what authority can do if placed in situations that require someone to follow instructions. What happens to someone when they follow the orders of another person in authority? An experiment conducted by psychologist Stanley Milgram reveal how situationism applies to study results. How would this experiment differ if the participants were from various races, cultures, gender groups? A summary of the study and how it was

House On Mango Street (994 words) Essay Example For Students

House On Mango Street (994 words) Essay House On Mango StreetAs a young girl, Esperanza is a young girl who looks at life from experience ofliving in poverty, where many do not question their experience. She is a shy,but very bright girl. She dreams of the perfect home, with beautiful flowers anda room for everyone. When she moves to the house of Mango Street, reality is sodifferent than the dream. In this story, hope (Esperanza) sustains tragedy. Thehouse she dreamed of was another on. It was one of her own. One where she didnot have to share a bedroom with everyone. That included her mother, father andtwo siblings. The run down tiny house has bricks crumbling inplaces. The one she dreamed of had a great big yard, trees and grassgrowing without a fence. She did not want to abandon where she came from, butshe knew she wanted to be free of everything that life on Mango Street brought. They will not know I have gone away to come back. For the ones I have leftbehind. She is committed to her roots on Mango Street. We witnessEsperanza blossoming from a innocent, shy girl to one who witnesses much, butall of this makes her strong and clear about her desires for her life. What shesees is the male domination (machismo), violence and rape. The violence in thehome was ordinary to those that lived there and Esperanza knew this. It didntmake Sally stronger. Sally is abused by her father He never hit mehard, as her mom tends to her wounds. Sally eventually leaves home andgets married at a young age. She ends being abused, instead by the fist, by mindcontrol. Her new husband treats her like a prisoner in her home. She sitsat become afraid to go outside. The leave home, she would need permission. She evolves from a victim of child abuse to a slave-like wife. Esperanza seesthis despair throughout her story. In My Name, She looked out thewindow her whole life, they way so many women sit, with their sadness on anelbow. Abuse to Rafaela, again subtle because she does not go out, in fearof husband. Poverty on Loomis, Keeler and Paulina; poverty is a way of life. Theimpact is for all generations, the parents who cannot get out, the children thatsee it and the little ones who cannot know any better. The opportunities arelimited in the barrio. Esperanza was embarrassed when she pointed to her housethere. There?, as if there was no place for a girl tolive. But survival is instinctive and there is a certain amount of barrio prideThose who dont know any better come into our neighborhood scared. Theythink we are dangerous. They think we will attack them with shiny knives. Theyare stupid people who are lost and got here by mistake. The victim ofbeing called a rice sandwich. Hurt by the si ster superior as shepoints to a row of ugly houses reminding Esperanza of the sin of being poor. Machismo is something seen in the domestic situations throughout Hispanicpeople. The violence, the subservience that is expected and the men believe thewomen are second and are second class citizens. There role is to be domestichousekeepers and to birth children. Alicia makes tortillas for her father. WhenEsperanza is raped, she is again taught of the power of (some) men. Butthroughout her growth Esperanza gets very clear that she will not live as thosearound she sees. She wants independence. She knew getting out would help herachieve her dreams. She was motivated but everything she experiences. She learnsabout trust when Sally told her the circus would be fun, only to be raped. Hershyness (eating alone in the company lunchroom), and about being gullible. InCathy Queen of hearts, Cathy says, father will have to fly France and findher cousin and inherit the house. She believes that everything will begood. But she feels incredibly stupid for not for not knowing better. But shedoes lear n. When she learns that the box, is a music box. She is ashamed for notknowing. Despite all this, she knows enough to know that a better life is thelive she will create. She sees herself as scrawny and unattractive. Skinnynecks and pointed elbows like mine dont belong here, but are here. Butthe metaphor for the tress, she will grow despite the concrete and will notforget to reach. She is a determined young woman with esparenze and she willlay new roots and you are convinced she will not only make it, but will returnfor the others. Cisneros allows us to see why women need to dream and create thegood reality that they are capable of living. She addresses oppression, familyand religious roles and is clear about the 2nd class status of women, but sheknows there is more out there. I was blessed, having been raised in afinancially rich and very sheltered environment. I work in a city where povertyis present, today and witness families living together, girls and boyssupporting their parent s, sending money south of the border, all to survive. Noone complains, but there is clearly a vicious cycle, as the family is soimportant, many young one aspire to have families and do. They do no realize howexpensive life is until they are older, and then their little ones are placed inthe same cycle. I did experience and old fashioned father who was verydominating and did not treat girls very respectfully. It was very difficult togain his respect and approval, if that is possible. I learned that men make thedecisions and women are not to doubt the man. We were never allowed to say no,or ask why. There was must physical abuse, as a way to control us. As an adult Iam sensitive to the fact that my father knew no better, even thought he scarsare still there. This story, as I read it again and again, made me feel thatmany girls are dreamers and have their innocence shattered by the reality oflife. Whether rich or poor, belief systems can be shattered, but not hopes.